new DB:top_players;

public OnGameModeInit()
{
    top_players = db_open("stats.db");//here top_players now equals the database 'stats.db', if this doesn't exist it'll be created in your scriptfiles folder
}
public OnGameModeExit()
{
    db_close(top_players);
    return 1;
}

public OnGameModeInit()
{
    top_players = db_open("stats.db");
    
    db_free_result(db_query(top_players,"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Users` (`Name`,`stat`)"));//query the database and free the result
}

"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Users` (`Name`,`stat`,`stat2`,`stat3`,`stat4`)"

if(!table_exists(users))
{
    new table:users;
    table_add_column(users,name);
    table_add_column(users,stat);
}//this is made up code and will not work, it's just so you can understand how sqlite works

public savedata(playerid)
{   
    new tname[MAX_PLAYER_NAME];
    GetPlayerName(playerid,tname,sizeof(tname));//gets the player's name

    new query[256];
    format(query,sizeof(query),"SELECT `Name` FROM `Users` WHERE `Name`=lower('%s') LIMIT 1",tname);
/*ok first query is asking to select a from the `Name` column from the table `Users` 
and the rule we're saying is only select the name that matches the players name
I limited it to 1 so it won't keep looking for more matches after it's found one, you'll notice that I used "lower('%s')"
what this does is prevents the user from joining with a capitalized alternative of their name and having the database add that one as well.*/
    new DBResult:qresult;//new database result variable, they have their own var type too.
    qresult = db_query(top_players,query);//the result equals the query we sent off.
    if(db_num_rows(qresult) == 1)//if it's found a match that means the user is in the database so we'll be updating their stat and not creating a new one.
    {
        format(query,sizeof(query),"UPDATE `Users` SET `stat`='%d' WHERE (`Name` = lower('%s'))",GetPVarInt(playerid,"stat"),tname);
/*update will get the player's row and update variables in that row
"UPDATE `Users` SET `stat`='%d' WHERE (`Name` = lower('%s'))"
update the table `Users`, set the variable `stat` on the same row as the players name.*/
        db_free_result(db_query(top_players,query));//query the database and free the query result after it
    }
    else if(db_num_rows(qresult) == 0)//if it hasn't found a match it'll return 0 here
    {
        format(query, sizeof(query), "INSERT INTO `Users` (`Name`,`stat`) VALUES(lower('%s'),%d)",tname,GetPVarInt(playerid,"stat"));
/*Insert a new row into the table `Users`, in the columns `Name` add their name in lowercase, in the `stat` column add their stat*/
        db_free_result(db_query(top_players,query));
    }
}

new query[256],string[128],string2[128];
        new DBResult:qresult;
        format(query,sizeof(query),"SELECT Level FROM `users` WHERE Username = '%s'", PlayerName[playerid]);
//here it says select from the column level from the table `users` and the row is the same row as the player's name row
        qresult = db_query(USERDB,query);
        if(db_num_rows(qresult) == 1)//checks if there's a match on the player's name row.
        {
                db_get_field(qresult,0,string,128);//gets the result of the query as a string.
                format(string2,sizeof(string2),"Your admin level is: %s",string);
                SendClientMessage(playerid,0xAFAFAFAA,string2);
        }
        db_free_result(qresult);//frees the result
        return 1;

CMD:topstat(playerid,params[])
{
    new string[128], query[256];
    SendClientMessage(playerid,GREEN,"Top X Y'ers");
    new string2[128];
    new DBResult:result;
    new DBResult:result2;
    format(query,sizeof(query),"SELECT `Name` FROM `Users` ORDER BY (`stat` * 1) DESC limit 3");
/*Select from the `Name` column in the table `Users`, and order them by stat on a descreasing list limited to the top 3
I had ('stat` *1) because without it it'll look at it as if it's a string, timing it by 1 will turn it into a number.*/
    result = db_query(top_players,query);
    for(new a;a<db_num_rows(result);a++)//what we have now is 10 rows in the database result, so we'll do a loop to show each one on a new line.
    {
        db_get_field(result,0,string,128);//get the result of the database and format it into a string
//at the moment this will return the first row, we need to switch it using a function.
        format(query,sizeof(query),"SELECT `stat` FROM `Users` WHERE `Name` = lower('%s')",string);
/*this result2 will get the data from the stat column from the row that matches the first row of the "result" variable
"result" is already in order from 1-10, "result" will be reading the 1st row at the moment or the player with the highest stat*/
        result2 = db_query(top_players,query);
        db_get_field(result2,0,string2,128);//get the `stat` column from the row of the first player.
        format(string,sizeof(string),"%d. %s Stat: %s",a+1,string,string2);//it's a+1 because the result starts at 0, this will display as "1. Name Stat: X".
        SendClientMessage(playerid,ORANGE,string);
        db_next_row(result);//this function changes to the next row down, then when it goes into the next loop cycle it'll get the second top player and so forth.
        db_free_result(result2);//remember to free any results you don't need anymore
    }
    db_free_result(result);
    return 1;
}

new DB:top_players;

public OnGameModeInit()
{
    top_players = db_open("stats.db");
   
    new query[256];//create a string (I'm not sure if it has to be this big every mysql tutorial I saw had 256 strings
    format(query,sizeof(query),"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Users` (`Name`,`stat`)");//format the string
    db_free_result(db_query(top_players,query));//query the database and free the result
}

public OnGameModeInit()
{
    top_players = db_open("stats.db");

    db_free_result(db_query(top_players, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Users` (`Name`,`stat`)"));//query the database and free the result
}